Wudhu with snow and Tayammum in a case of a frozen lake

by Mufti Faisal
5 minutes read

Question

As we go on winter camping, do we need to melt the snow and then make wudhu with the water, or just using the snow to make wudhu will be sufficient?

If one does not find any way to get water in such a situation, what must be done?

Moreover, sometimes we are by frozen lakes. The water is there but under the ice. Can we make Tayammum in this case?

Answer:

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salฤmu สฟalaykum wa-rahmatullฤhi wa-barakฤtuh.

It is a condition of washing of a limb during wudhu’ that “taqatur” must be found. Taqatur means that so much flowing water is be poured on the limb such that at least a drop drips from the limb. If one or two drops drip from the limb, and thereafter one rubs the snow onto the limb, then the wudhu in this manner will be completed. [1]

In absence of this taqatur, the wudhu is not complete. [2] Ideally, one should make preparation for such eventualities for expedition and camping from beforehand.

However, if one is stranded and has no means left for even fulfilling the minimum requirements of wudhu’ including taqatur, and does not have any mechanism to melt the snow for wudhu’ or break ice on the lake to take water out, then the only way left would be to make tayammum. [3]

Tayammum will not be made with the snow, rather it is to be made from anything that is from the same genus as the earth.

If, one cannot find earth or anything made of earthen soil, then as a camper or traveler, one should always keep a slab of clay or something similar in one’s camping gear.

And Allah Taโ€™ฤla Knows Best

Muftฤซ Faisal bin Abdul Hamฤซd al-Mahmลซdฤซ
Darul Iftaa Canada (www.fatwa.ca)

[1] There is a difference of opinion between the Tarafayn (Imam Abu Hanifa and Imam Muhammad al Shaybani rahimahumullah) and Imam Qadhi Abu Yusuf rahimahullah on this matter. While Imam Abu Yusuf rh does not hold this condition, Tarafayn require this to be found for the validity of the Wudhu’. The fatwa in Hanafiya is upon Tarafayn rahimahumullah’s statement.

[2]

ุงู„ุฏุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุงุฑ ูˆุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงุจู† ุนุงุจุฏูŠู† (ุฑุฏ ุงู„ู…ุญุชุงุฑ) (1/ 95)
(ู‚ูˆู„ู‡: ุฃูŠ ุฅุณุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงุก ุฅู„ุฎ) ู‚ุงู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุญุฑ: ูˆุงุฎุชู„ู ููŠ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุงู„ุดุฑุนูŠุŒ ูู‚ุงู„ ุฃุจูˆ ุญู†ูŠูุฉ ูˆู…ุญู…ุฏ: ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฅุณุงู„ุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ุชู‚ุงุทุฑ ูˆู„ูˆ ู‚ุทุฑุฉ ุญุชู‰ ู„ูˆ ู„ู… ูŠุณู„ ุงู„ู…ุงุก ุจุฃู† ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ู‡
ุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„ ุงู„ุฏู‡ู† ู„ู… ูŠุฌุฒ ููŠ ุธุงู‡ุฑ ุงู„ุฑูˆุงูŠุฉุŒ ูˆูƒุฐุง ู„ูˆ ุชูˆุถุฃ ุจุงู„ุซู„ุฌ ูˆู„ู… ูŠู‚ุทุฑ ู…ู†ู‡ ุดูŠุก ู„ู… ูŠุฌุฒ. ุนู† ุฃุจูŠ ูŠูˆุณู ู‡ูˆ ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ุจู„ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ ุจุงู„ู…ุงุก ุณุงู„ ุฃูˆ ู„ู… ูŠุณู„. ุงู‡ู€.
ูˆุงุนู„ู… ุฃู†ู‡ ุตุฑุญ ูƒุบูŠุฑู‡ ุจุฐูƒุฑ ุงู„ุชู‚ุงุทุฑ ู…ุน ุงู„ุฅุณุงู„ุฉ ูˆุฅู† ูƒุงู† ุญุฏ ุงู„ุฅุณุงู„ุฉ ุฃู† ูŠุชู‚ุงุทุฑ ุงู„ู…ุงุก ู„ู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏุŒ ูˆุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุชู†ุจูŠู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงุญุชุฑุงุฒ ุนู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฑูˆุงูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ุฐูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุญู„ูŠุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ุฐุฎูŠุฑุฉ ูˆุบูŠุฑู‡ุง ุฃู†ู‡ ู‚ูŠู„ ููŠ ุชุฃูˆูŠู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฑูˆุงูŠุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ ุณุงู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุถูˆ ู‚ุทุฑุฉ ุฃูˆ ู‚ุทุฑุชุงู† ูˆู„ู… ูŠุชุฏุงุฑูƒ. ุงู‡ู€.ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุธุงู‡ุฑ ุฃู† ู…ุนู†ู‰ ู„ู… ูŠุชุฏุงุฑูƒ ู„ู… ูŠู‚ุทุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ููˆุฑ ุจุฃู† ู‚ุทุฑ ุจุนุฏ ู…ู‡ู„ุฉุŒ ูุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฐูƒุฑ ุงู„ุณูŠู„ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุตุงุญุจ ู„ู„ุชู‚ุงุทุฑ ุงุญุชุฑุงุฒุง ุนู…ุง ู„ุง ูŠุชุฏุงุฑูƒ ูุงูู‡ู…ุŒ ุซู… ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชุฃูˆูŠู„ ูŠู†ุฏูุน ู…ุง ุฃูˆุฑุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฑูˆุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุฃู† ุงู„ุจู„ ุจู„ุง ุชู‚ุงุทุฑ ู…ุณุญุŒ ููŠู„ุฒู… ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฃุนุถุงุก ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ู…ุณูˆุญุฉ ู…ุน ุฃู†ู‡ ุชุนุงู„ู‰ ุฃู…ุฑ ุจุงู„ุบุณู„ ูˆุงู„ู…ุณุญ.

ุจุฏุงุฆุน ุงู„ุตู†ุงุฆุน ููŠ ุชุฑุชูŠุจ ุงู„ุดุฑุงุฆุน (1/ 3)
ูู„ุง ุจุฏ ู…ู† ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ุบุณู„ ูˆุงู„ู…ุณุญ ูุงู„ุบุณู„ ู‡ูˆ ุฅุณุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงุฆุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ุŒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุณุญ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉุŒ ุญุชู‰ ู„ูˆ ุบุณู„ ุฃุนุถุงุก ูˆุถูˆุฆู‡ุŒ ูˆู„ู… ูŠุณู„ ุงู„ู…ุงุกุŒ ุจุฃู† ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ู‡ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุฏู‡ู†ุŒ ู„ู… ูŠุฌุฒ ููŠ ุธุงู‡ุฑ ุงู„ุฑูˆุงูŠุฉ.
ูˆุฑูˆูŠ ุนู† ุฃุจูŠ ูŠูˆุณู ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุฌูˆุฒ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง: ู„ูˆ ุชูˆุถุฃ ุจุงู„ุซู„ุฌุŒ ูˆู„ู… ูŠู‚ุทุฑ ู…ู†ู‡ ุดูŠุก ู„ุง ูŠุฌูˆุฒุŒ ูˆู„ูˆ ู‚ุทุฑ ู‚ุทุฑุชุงู†ุŒ ุฃูˆ ุซู„ุงุซุŒ ุฌุงุฒ ู„ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ุฅุณุงู„ุฉุŒ ูˆุณุฆู„ ุงู„ูู‚ูŠู‡ ุฃุจูˆ ุฌุนูุฑ ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏูˆุงู†ูŠ ุนู† ุงู„ุชูˆุถุค ุจุงู„ุซู„ุฌุŒ ูู‚ุงู„: ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุณุญุŒ ูˆู„ูŠุณ ุจุบุณู„ุŒ ูุฅู† ุนุงู„ุฌู‡ ุญุชู‰ ูŠุณูŠู„ ูŠุฌูˆุฒ ูˆุนู† ุฎู„ู ุจู† ุฃูŠูˆุจ ุฃู†ู‡ ู‚ุงู„: ูŠู†ุจุบูŠ ู„ู„ู…ุชูˆุถุฆ ููŠ ุงู„ุดุชุงุก ุฃู† ูŠุจู„ ุฃุนุถุงุกู‡ ุดุจู‡ ุงู„ุฏู‡ู†ุŒ ุซู… ูŠุณูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุงุก ุนู„ูŠู‡ุงุ› ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุงุก ูŠุชุฌุงูู‰ ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุนุถุงุก ููŠ ุงู„ุดุชุงุก.

ุงู„ูุชุงูˆู‰ ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏูŠุฉ (1/ 3)
ูˆููŠ ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ุทุญุงูˆูŠ ุฃู† ุชุณูŠูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุงุก ุดุฑุท ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุถูˆุก ููŠ ุธุงู‡ุฑ ุงู„ุฑูˆุงูŠุฉ ูู„ุง ูŠุฌูˆุฒ ุงู„ูˆุถูˆุก ู…ุง ู„ู… ูŠุชู‚ุงุทุฑ ุงู„ู…ุงุกุŒ ูˆุนู† ุฃุจูŠ ูŠูˆุณู – ุฑุญู…ู‡ ุงู„ู„ู‡ – ุฃู† ุงู„ุชู‚ุงุทุฑ ู„ูŠุณ ุจุดุฑุท ูููŠ ู…ุณุฃู„ุฉ ุงู„ุซู„ุฌ ุฅุฐุง ุชูˆุถุฃ ุจู‡ ุฅู† ู‚ุทุฑ ู‚ุทุฑุชุงู† ูุตุงุนุฏุง ูŠุฌูˆุฒ ุฅุฌู…ุงุนุง ูˆุฅู† ูƒุงู† ุจุฎู„ุงูู‡ ูู‡ูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ูˆู„ ุฃุจูŠ ุญู†ูŠูุฉ ูˆู…ุญู…ุฏ – ุฑุญู…ู‡ู…ุง ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุชุนุงู„ู‰ – ู„ุง ูŠุฌูˆุฒุŒ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ู‚ูˆู„ ุฃุจูŠ ูŠูˆุณู – ุฑุญู…ู‡ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุชุนุงู„ู‰ – ูŠุฌูˆุฒ ูƒุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฐุฎูŠุฑุฉ ูˆุงู„ุตุญูŠุญ ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ู…ุง.

ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุท ุงู„ุจุฑู‡ุงู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ูู‚ู‡ ุงู„ู†ุนู…ุงู†ูŠ (1/ 118)
ูˆููŠ ยซุงู„ูุชุงูˆู‰ยป : ุฐูƒุฑ ู…ุณุฃู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชูˆุถุค ุจุงู„ุซู„ุฌ ูˆุฐูƒุฑ ููŠู‡ุง ุชูุตูŠู„ุงู‹ุŒ ูู‚ุงู„: ุฅู† ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุซู„ุฌ ูŠุฐูˆุจ ูˆูŠุณูŠู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุฃุนุถุงุฆู‡ ูˆูŠุชู‚ุงุทุฑ ูŠุฌูˆุฒุŒ ูˆู…ุง ู„ุง ูู„ุงุŒ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุฃู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชู‚ุฏู…ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ุฃูŠุถุงู‹.

[3]

ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุท ุงู„ุจุฑู‡ุงู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ูู‚ู‡ ุงู„ู†ุนู…ุงู†ูŠ (1/ 165)
ู‚ุงู„: ุงู„ู…ุณุงูุฑ ุฅุฐุง ู„ู… ูŠุฌุฏ ุงู„ู…ุงุก ูˆูˆุฌุฏ ุงู„ุซู„ุฌุŒ ุฅู† ูƒุงู† ุฐู„ูƒ ููŠ ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุจุฑุฏ ูˆุฒู…ุงู†ู‡ ุฌุงุฒ ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุชูŠู…ู… ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุชูˆุถุค ุจุงู„ุซู„ุฌ ู„ุง ูŠุฌูˆุฒุŒ ุฅู„ุง ุฃู† ูŠุณูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุนุถุงุฆู‡ ูˆูŠุชู‚ุงุทุฑ ู…ู†ู‡ุงุŒ ูˆุฐู„ูƒ ู„ุง ูŠุชุตูˆุฑ ููŠ ุฒู…ุงู† ุงู„ุดุชุงุกุŒ ูุฅุฐุง ุนุฌุฒ ุนู† ุงู„ูˆุถูˆุก ุฌุงุฒ ุงู„ุชูŠู…ู….

ุงู„ุจู†ุงูŠุฉ ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ู‡ุฏุงูŠุฉ (1/ 366)
ุงู„ุชูˆุถุค ุจุงู„ุซู„ุฌ ูŠุฌูˆุฒ ุฅู† ูƒุงู† ุฐุงุฆุจุง ูŠุชู‚ุงุทุฑุŒ ูˆุฅู„ุง ูู„ุง ูˆุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชูŠู…ู… ุญุงู„ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ุซู„ุฌ ุฅู† ูƒุงู† ุฐุงุฆุจุง ู„ุง ูŠุฌูˆุฒ ุงู„ุชูŠู…ู….

ุงู„ุจุญุฑ ุงู„ุฑุงุฆู‚ ุดุฑุญ ูƒู†ุฒ ุงู„ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ูˆู…ู†ุญุฉ ุงู„ุฎุงู„ู‚ ูˆุชูƒู…ู„ุฉ ุงู„ุทูˆุฑูŠ (1/ 150)
ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู…ุจุชุบู‰ ุจุงู„ุบูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุนุฌู…ุฉ ูˆุจูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุขู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชู‚ูˆูŠุฑ ููŠ ู†ู‡ุฑ ุฌุงู…ุฏ ุชุญุชู‡ ู…ุงุก ู„ุง ูŠุชูŠู…ู… ูˆู‚ูŠู„ ูŠุชูŠู…ู… ูˆููŠ ุณูุฑู‡ ุฌู…ุฏ ุฃูˆ ุซู„ุฌ ูˆู…ุนู‡ ุขู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฐูˆุจ ู„ุง ูŠุชูŠู…ู… ูˆู‚ูŠู„ ูŠุชูŠู…ู…

ุงู„ูุชุงูˆู‰ ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏูŠุฉ (1/ 28)
ูˆู„ุง ูŠุชูŠู…ู… ุนู†ุฏ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุขู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชู‚ูˆูŠุฑ ููŠ ู†ู‡ุฑ ุฌุงู…ุฏ ุชุญุชู‡ ู…ุงุก ูˆู‚ูŠู„ ูŠุชูŠู…ู… ูˆููŠ ุฌู…ุฏ ุฃูˆ ุซู„ุฌ ูˆู…ุนู‡ ุขู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฐูˆุจ ู„ุง ูŠุชูŠู…ู… ูˆู‚ูŠู„ ูŠุชูŠู…ู… ูˆุงู„ุธุงู‡ุฑ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู†ู‡ู…ุง ูƒู…ุง ู„ุง ูŠุฎูู‰. ู‡ูƒุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ุจุญุฑ ุงู„ุฑุงุฆู‚.

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